Gene Expression Levels of CSF-1 and CSF-1R Endometrial under The Influence of Prolactin Level in Unexplained Miscarriage: A Case-Control Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran

Abstract

Background: Hormones such as prolactin, by influencing expression of the endometrial genes, play a pivotal
role in embryo implantation and development. The present study aimed to evaluate serum level of prolactin and
its effect on altering expression level of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor
(CSF-1R) genes in endometrial tissue during in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy in the infertile women
and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), compared to fertile women, who lost their pregnancies at gestational age
<20 weeks.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 40 infertile women, 40 IVF pregnant women with RPL and 40
fertile women who lost their pregnancies at <20 weeks of gestation for unknown reasons were selected. Prolactin
serum level was assessed using ELISA technique and expression of CSF-1 and CSF-1R genes was determined in
endometrial tissue, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: Mean prolactin level of the infertile group was 24.38 ± 1.43 ng/mL and it had statistically significant
relationship with the fertile group (P<0.001). Expression level of the CSF-1 and CSF-1R genes were higher in the
fertile than infertile groups by 2.88 times (P<0.0001) and 2.64 times (P<0.0001), while it was respectively 2.28
(P<0.0001) and 1.69 (P<0.0001) times higher compared to the RPL group. Risk factors for pregnancy loss, such
as aging, increased body mass index (BMI), smoking and diabetes caused decreasing changes in gene expression
(CSF-1 and CSF-1R) and the differences were statistically significant, except in the infertile group.
Conclusion: The present study showed a significant relationship of CSF-1 and CSF-1R expression levels with pregnancy
loss. Risk factors such as aging, obesity, smoking and diabetes decreased both genes expression levels.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
Volume 17, Issue 4
October 2023
Pages 236-241

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